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(詳細はC$137,552,400 ($1,126,947,163 in 2009) in damages. Hazel, the deadliest and costliest storm of the 1954 Atlantic hurricane season, reached Toronto, Ontario by the evening of October 15, 1954. It peaked as a category 4 storm, but by the time it reached Canada, it was extratropical after merging with an existing cold front south of Ontario. Due to an area of high pressure to the north-east, Hazel stalled over Toronto and lost most of its moisture. The worst-affected areas were communities near the Humber River, Holland Marsh, and Etobicoke Creek. Prone to flooding, the Humber River raced downstream from Woodbridge when an earthen dam failed. In the weeks prior to Hazel, Toronto had received copious amounts of rain, and the soil could not hold as much as of rain; consequently, over 90% of it went into Toronto's waterways. The Humber heavily flooded Weston, and killed 35 people in Raymore Drive. Holland Marsh was severely flooded; while no one was killed, the economic losses were severe as the region's crops were harvested but not collected. At the village of Long Branch, the Etobicoke Creek killed seven people and swept numerous dwellings into Lake Ontario. Toronto's infrastructure also took a major hit, with as much as 50 bridges being washed out by the rising waters. The situation was exacerbated by the lack of preparedness and awareness. Torontonians did not have prior experience with hurricanes, and the storm as whole proved to be extremely unpredictable—even the arrival of Hazel came as a surprise. Also, the low-lying areas near the Humber were mostly residential, which were among the worst-affected during the storm. In fact, following Hazel, residential development in areas along Toronto waterways was prohibited, and they became parks instead. To help with the cleanup, the army was summoned. Due to the destruction in Canada, as well as the United States and Haiti, the name Hazel was retired, and will never again be used for an Atlantic hurricane. Since it was retired before the creation of formal lists, it was not replaced with any particular name. ==Background== (詳細はtropical wave off the coast of Africa in early October 1954. Deemed to be a tropical storm on October 5, Hazel moved westward through the Caribbean Sea without affecting any land.〔 On October 10, Hazel slowed down, and made an abrupt turn to the north towards Haiti, and made landfall two days later as a Category 2 storm, killing over 1,000 people. As a whole, Hazel was very unpredictable which made it even more dangerous, as it defied meteorologists' predictions on multiple occasions. The hurricane then went on an eventual course towards the Carolinas. On October 14, just before reaching the Carolinas, hurricane hunter planes found the hurricane's winds to have accelerated to , making it a Category 4 storm, and it was moving at a high forward speed of . The storm made landfall near the North Carolina/South Carolina border by the morning on October 15, striking Myrtle Beach, South Carolina before moving north. The now-Category 3 storm became extratropical as it passed over Raleigh, North Carolina.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Hurricane Hazel, October 1954 )〕 Hazel accelerated to over upon making landfall, and was centred over New York state and Pennsylvania by 4:30 p.m. EDT. Against meteorologists' predictions, Hazel had not lost much intensity, with winds nearing in parts of Delaware, Maryland, New York, and Pennsylvania. Before leaving the United States, the storm had claimed 95 lives, of which the majority were drowning casualties.〔〔 Moving very rapidly, Hazel consolidated with a cold front and created a new centre, which moved straight towards Toronto. Once over Toronto, the storm was partially blocked by an area of high pressure to the northeast, which drastically slowed it down. The eye of the storm was over downtown Toronto at midnight.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Effects of Hurricane Hazel in Canada」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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